Cultural film analysis Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Cultural film analysis - Movie Review Example lls on the early years of culture and education leading to establishment of parochial, monastic and cathedral schools as well as universities of the Middle Ages (Daniel-Rops 5). In the movie, Johanna was the third child of a village priest and a converted heathen wife. The opening scene immediately showed anti-feminist bias, as the father angrily refused herbal medicine to alleviate his wife’s birth pains due to his belief that â€Å"in sorrow, thou (woman) shall give birth.† As she grew up, Johanna was not allowed education since only boys were taught reading and writing. Through self-learning, however, the intellectually gifted Johanna not only showed skill in reading and writing, but in interpreting Latin Bible verses as well. Catching her reading a Greek manuscript, Johanna’s father meted her a brutal lashing, even as he had once grossly raped his wife for teaching Johanna some heathen methods of natural healing. Upon recommendation of an admiring traveling schoolmaster, Johanna gained unprecedented admission to study in the bishop’s schoolhouse for boys. Gerald, a knight in the bishop’s court, provided her a home until she grew to maidenhood, resulting in the jealous wife of Gerald arranging Johanna’s betrothal to a young man against her will. The wedding was cut short by an attack by Norsemen bandits. Historical research shows that the event is reasonable, since there are historical accounts of pagan Norsemen pillaging territories in Frankish empire to add to the disorder of the times (Boak, Slosson and Anderson 180-181). Johanna escaped death by the plundering Norsemen, although she had to disguise herself as a man in order to gain entry in a monastery. As a monk, she saved villagers from an epidemic but had to again escape to avoid disclosure of her disguise by fellow monks. She was cared for by villagers, but not wanting to be tied down to a village life, Johanna to ok a pilgrimage to Rome again disguised as a man. In Rome

Most important change issues facing health care organizations Essay

Most important change issues facing health care organizations - Essay Example These health care issues must be strategically managed through helping employees establish relationships and systems that can address their social, technical, and financial dimensions. Changing client characteristics affect healthcare provision because these differences have implications on their perceptions of health care, as well as their beliefs, values, practices, and access to health care, that affect their different uses of health care services. Demographics are significant drivers of the size and characteristics of the future health workforce, while demographic trends have deep implications for the future of the health care industry. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, together with other health care institutions, presented their 2003 report, Changing Demographics: Implications for Physicians, Nurses, and Other Health Workers. The report provided the following main findings: 1) the aging is increasing in number, which affect their demand for health care services that are specific to their needs and concerns; 2) a high population of aging citizens increases the burden on the health care system because they will be dependent on Medicare and Medi caid programs; 3) increase in population among minorities signifies increase in health care services demand, while their racial, ethnic, cultural, and religious differences can shape their use of health care services; 4) though more and more people are living in urban areas, many citizens still live in rural areas where nurses and physicians are in shortage; and 5) a great number of minority groups are living in poor or low-income communities where there are also shortage of health care staff and services (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services i-iii). In essence, the demographic trends mean that the clients have changing characteristics because of the racially and ethnically diverse patient population, as well as the growth of aging citizens.

Lab Experiment to Identify Unknown Compound

Lab Experiment to Identify Unknown Compound Abstract. The purpose of this experiment was to identify the unknown compound. The tests that were done to determine the identity of the compound include qualitative solubility tests, quantitative solubility tests, measuring solution conductivity, anion and cation test, flame test, and formation of precipitate. It was found that the compound had no smell, was soluble in water, and not soluble in toluene and acetone. The ions dissociated in the water, creating conductivity. When the ammonia test was performed no ammonia smell was produced. The flame test yielded a color that matched that of sodium bicarbonate indicating that the unknown compound contained sodium. The anion test for chloride proved to be positive, resulting in the summation that the unknown compound was sodium chloride. Introduction The group is employed by an Environmental Protection Agency to indentify a compound in the landfill in your home town. The group must also discover as many chemical and physical properties of the compound as we can. We need to devise two syntheses of the compound, and compare them for cost effectiveness, safety, and potential yield of the compound. To identify the compound, the physical properties (smell, color, and state) need to be established. Next, the qualitative solubility of the compound was tested in water, toluene, and acetone, which would determine whether the compound would dissolve from rain water or other chemicals that may be present in the landfill and create runoff. Conductivity was also tested with a voltmeter in order to determine whether or not the compound would be dangerous when dissolved in water. If the compound was conductive it would dissolve in water and produce an electric current. The flame test was performed to specify one of the elements. A solution of w ater and the element was used to place the nichrome wire in, and then the nichrome wire is placed into the flame. If the flame produces a color it is indicative of a certain metalloid ion or metal. A color is produced in the flame when the heat of the flame changes the metal ions into atoms which then become excited and produce light that can be seen with the naked eye. It is also important to analyze the presence of certain cations and anions using tests that identify the presence of the anions chloride and sulfate, and the presence of the cation ammonium. The anion tests for chloride and sulfate prove to be positive when a white precipitate forms and the ammonium test proves to be positive when an ammonium smell is produced. After all of the physical and chemical tests were performed, a solution of the unknown compound and a solution of what was deduced to be unknown compound were reacted with an acid (nitric acid), a base (potassium hydroxide), silver nitrate, potassium sulfate, and potassium nitrate in order to determine if they produce the same results. Gravimetric filtration was then performed with the known and unknown substance. A precipitate was formed using silver nitrate, which could then be weighed. After the filtration process, the unknown compound was then synthesized to produce a percent yield. Results TABLE 1 Physical Properties Test Color White State of Matter Solid Odor None Solubility in Water Soluble Conductivity 0.35 volts TABLE 2 Anion Tests Tests Performed Results Test for Chloride White Precipitate Formed Test for Sulfate No Reaction Test for Nitrate No Brown Ring Test for Carbonate Clear Test for Acetate Clear, Odorless TABLE 3 Cation Tests Tests Performed Reaction Results Test for Ammonium NH4Cl + NaOH Ã   Ammonium Smell No Odor Flame Test Bright Orange/Yellow Flame Sodium TABLE 4 Reaction Tests Type of Reaction Balanced Equation Reaction Acid NaCl(aq) + HNO3(aq) -> NaNO3(aq) + HCl (aq) None Base NaCl(aq) + KOH(aq) -> NaOH(aq) + KCl(aq) None Double Displacement NaCl (aq)+ AgNO3 (aq)-> AgCl (aq)+ NaO3(aq) Precipitate formed Double Displacement NaCl(aq) + K2SO4(aq) -> Na2SO4(aq) + 2 KCl(aq) None Double Displacement NaCl (aq) + KNO3(aq) -> NaNO3(aq) + KCl(aq) None TABLE 5 Gravimetric Analysis NaCl (aq) + AgNO3 (aq) -> AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq) Vacuum Filtration Trial # Amount of Precipitate Produced (grams) Percent Yield Known Trial 1 1.081 88.18 % Known Trial 2 1.196 97.56% Unknown Trial 1 1.211 98.78% Unknown Trial 2 1.185 96.66% Unknown Trial 3 1.170 95.44% TABLE 6 Synthesis Reaction Reaction Amount Produced (grams) Theoretical Yield (grams) Percent Yield HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)Ã   NaCl (s) + H2O (l) 1.971 2 98.55% Discussion First, the physical properties of the unknown compound were observed and recorded. It was found that the compound was crystalline in structure, a solid, white, with no odor (Table 1). All of these properties suggest that the compound was ionic because ionic compounds do not have a distinct odor and are solid at room temperature because of their high melting points. The unknown compound was then tested for solubility in water, toluene and acetone. The compound was soluble in water, indicating the compound was a polar or ionic compound, and not soluble in toluene or acetone which eliminates it being polar or nonpolar. Therefore, this points to the compound being ionic. After the compound was dissolved in water, the conductivity was tested with a voltmeter, which produced a voltage of 0.35 volts proving that the substance is conductive since it is over 0.1 volts. This further proves that the unknown compound was ionic since only ionic compounds dissociate in water and create an electric current. The flame test was performed to determine one of the elements in the compound. Four known compounds, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium nitrate, calcium sulfate, and potassium nitrate were put under the flame test to compare the unknown to. When the unknown compound was put under the flame test it produced the same color as sodium bicarbonate, bright orange/yellow, indicating the presence of sodium (Table 3). The ammonium test was also performed to verify that the compound did not contain ammonia. No smell was produced when the unknown solution and sodium hydroxide were mixed, and a smell would indicate the presence of ammonia. Therefore, the compound was proven to contain sodium. When the anion tests for chloride and sulfate were performed, a white precipitate was produced from the chloride test, indicating the presence of chloride while the sulfate reaction created no precipitate indicating the absence of sulfate (Table 2). In addition, the unknown compound was put through a series of reactions along with what was believed to be the compound in order to compare the reactions to determine if they produce the same reactions. First sodium chloride, what is believed to be the unknown compound, and the unknown compound were reacted with silver nitrate, which produced a precipitate because it was a double displacement that produced AgCl which is not soluble in water. Sodium chloride and the unknown compound were reacted with potassium sulfate but produced no reaction because the products sodium sulfate and potassium chloride are both soluble in water. Sodium chloride and the unknown compound were then also reacted with potassium nitrate, creating a double displacement reaction which produces sodium nitrate and potassium chloride, which are also both soluble in water, therefore producing no reaction. When sodium chloride and the unknown compound were reacted with an acid, nitric acid, but the presence of the s odium chloride did not affect the pH of the nitric acid because it was an ionic compound. When the sodium chloride and the unknown compound were reacted with a base, potassium hydroxide, there was also no reaction or change in the pH of the potassium hydroxide because the sodium chloride is an ionic compound. Both the sodium chloride and the unknown compound produced the same results in every reaction further proving that they are one in the same (Table 4). Once it was found that sodium chloride and silver nitrate produce a precipitate when reacted, the reaction was used to produce a certain amount of precipitate which was then used in gravimetric analysis to see if both the known and unknown compound would produce the same amount of precipitate. The reaction that was filtrated was NaCl(aq) + AgNO3 (aq) -> AgCl (s) + NaO3(aq). The results from the known reaction were 1.77 grams of filter paper and 1.081 grams of precipitate alone, while the theoretical yield was 1.225 grams. The unknown reaction has yet to be found. The percent yield for the reaction was 97.56% (Table 5). A synthesis reaction was the final test preformed. The following chemical reaction occurred: HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) Ã   NaCl(s) + H2O(l). Once all of the water was evaporated out with the use of a hot plate, the precipitate was able to be weighed and the percent yield could be calculated. The reaction had a percent yield of 98.55% (Table 6). Conclusion After being employed by the Environmental Protection Agency, the group was able to identify the compound in the landfill. After all of the tests and reactions were performed, it was found that the unknown compound was sodium chloride. Its solubility in water, conductivity, and crystalline structure points to the fact that the compound is ionic. The positive flame test for sodium indicates that sodium is one of the elements in the compound because it produced a bright orange flame. The positive chloride test, when a white precipitate was formed, indicates that chloride is the second element in the compound. The unknown compound and sodium chloride were put through the same reactions and consistently produced the same results, further indicating that the unknown compound is sodium chloride. The gravitational analysis of the known and unknown substances provided similar results, backing up that the unknown substance was sodium chloride. The synthesis reaction produced a percent yield of 95.05%. Experimental Procedure: Physical Properties Tests 1. The physical state of the unknown compound was observed. This included the state of matter, smell (using the wafting technique), color, and structure. 2. A small amount of the unknown compound was placed in approximately 50mL of water and stirred to see if it would dissolve. 3. The same solution was used for the voltmeter and the conductivity was recorded. Anion Tests Chloride Ion Test Approximately 1 mL of the unknown solution was placed in a test tube and 1 mL of 6 M HNO3 was added. After that another 1 mL of AgNO3 was added. Whether a white precipitate was formed or not was recorded. If a white precipitate is observed, a chloride ion is present in the solution. Sulfate Ion Test Approximately 1 mL of the unknown solution was placed into a test tube and 1 mL of 6 M HCl was added. After that another 1 mL of BaCl2 solution was added to the same test tube. Whether or not a white precipitate formed was recorded. If a white precipitate is formed, sulfate is present in the solution. Cation Test Flame Test 1. The heat from the Bunsen flame was used to cleanse the nichrome wire. 2. A small amount of the unknown compound was placed onto the nichrome wire and held over the flame. The color of the flame was observed. Ammonium Test Approximately 1 mL of 6 M NaOH was added to 1 mL of the unknown compound solution. The waft technique was used to detect if there was any odor. If the smell of ammonia was present, there were ammonium ions present in the solution. Reactivity Tests Reaction with an Acid A solution with a small amount of unknown compound was mixed in 50 mL of water and a separate solution of a small amount of ammonium chloride and 50 mL of water. A small amount of the two solutions were placed in to two separate test tubes and a small amount of HNO3. Double Displacement Reaction A solution of a small amount of unknown compound was placed into 50 mL of water and a separate solution containing a small amount of sodium chloride and 50 mL of water. A small amount of the two solutions was placed into two separate test tubes and a small amount of K2SO4 was added into each test tube. The test tubes were then swirled and mixed. Double Displacement Reaction A solution of a small amount of unknown compound was mixed with a solution of 50 mL of water and a separate solution of a small amount of sodium chloride and 50 mL of water. A small amount of the two solutions were placed into two separate test tubes and a small amount of AgNO3 was added into each of the test tubes. The test tubes were then swirled and mixed. Double Displacement Reaction A solution of a small amount of unknown compound was mixed in 50 mL of water and a separate solution of a small amount of sodium chloride and 50 mL of water. A small amount of the two solutions were then placed into two separate test tubes and a small amount of KNO3 was added to each test tube. The test tubes were then swirled and mixed, and whether or not a reaction occurred was recorded. Reaction with a Base A small amount of unknown compound was mixed with 50 mL of water and a separate solution of a small amount of ammonium chloride and 50 mL of water. A small amount of these two solutions were then placed into two separate test tubes and a small amount of KOH was added. Gravimetric Analysis 1. A Buchner flask was used with a funnel placed over the top. 2. The filter paper was weighed and then wetted with water slightly. 3. The solution containing the precipitate was poured onto the filter paper and left until most of the liquid had seeped through. 4. The filter was then removed from the funnel and placed into an oven for 10 minutes until the precipitate and paper had completely dried. 5. The filter paper was then weighed with the precipitate still on top. The weight of the filer paper was subtracted from the new weight to obtain the most accurate result. 6. The procedure was completed three times with the unknown substances and twice with a known substance. Synthesis Reaction 1. Approximately 12.3 mL of ammonium hydroxide was mixed with 6.2 mL of hydrochloric acid in a beaker. 2. The solution was placed on a hot plate (under a hood) and allowed to boil until all of the liquid evaporated. 3. The remaining precipitate was removed from the beaker and weighed. References Cooper, M. M., Cooperative Chemistry Laboratories, McGraw- Hill: New York, NY, 2008.

This Cruel World :: essays research papers

This Cruel World   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It all began when I was brought into this world. At that age I probably didn’t know much but as a kid I knew every thing was great. Getting pushed around in a stroller all day, to being fed, to being put to bed at nighttime with dozens of stuffed animals around you, what else do you want? Life as a kid was great, I didn’t have any problems to worry about, everything was done for me. Unfortunately that just last so long and all I came to realize is that growing up in this big world is not getting easier.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Society†¦ Society is at its peak waiting for you to come out and play. Look at what kind of world we live in today. One of the biggest countries in the world is at war with other countries overseas. What kind of image does that let out to the public? The United States is fighting its deepest war against the best of these fascists murdering butchers that want power and more power. We live in one of the best liberal countries where we don’t have to worry about anything like education and health care, but now we have to worry about these people terrorizing the whole world. Terrorism and killing people for no absolute reason is just repulsive and I, probably adding millions of others, cannot see myself endure this any longer. My view on terrorism has been amplifies by one million after September 11th. Seeing all these people that got killed and all the families that got destroyed just brings me to the conclusion that these people have no respect, no humani ty, no heart, no nothing. These people are worth crap to me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This crude world makes my worldviews change from time to time. Here are some of my views that I have always had and that never changed: First off, looking upon honesty. I say honesty because being lie to is plain not fun. I don’t even consider people who aren’t honest with me. If a person cannot be truthful that person has not respect. Put it this way, I don’t respect people that don’t respect me. Another important thing that I believe in is chivalry. All men should always be gallant and should always treat that woman with respect. The woman is important because of he ability to bring children to life.

Becoming A Certified Public Accountant Essay

A music star, an actor, a firefighter, doctor, or even President of the United States, vocations most children dream of. I was one of the â€Å"other† children who had dreams of jobs that weren’t as glamorous. One day we’ll see the â€Å"other† children excel as president of a Fortune 500 company, or in my case, managing the company’s finances, which really seems to serve as the basis for any business. In the following paragraphs, I will discuss several reasons and statistics, which I feel prompted the want for me to attain the extent of my aspiration to become a Certified Public Accountant. Accounting is classified as the bookkeeping methods involved in making a financial record of business transaction and in the preparation of statements concerning the assets, liabilities, and operating results of a business. A career in the profession of a Certified Public Accountant offers you the skills you need to be successful in a wide variety of businesses and disciplines. CPAs gain financial knowledge and analytical skill that are sought after by companies of all sizes and in every industry. The work of a CPA interests me because their work never ends, and they are constantly confronted with the chance to accrue new skills and feign ways to better the accounting process. Although accounting is a tedious job and often requires an extreme number of working hours throughout the week, I believe that with the proper training, and more hands-on learning, I will be able to face the world and change my processes to stay ahead of the times. â€Å"Accountants need a general business outlook on the economy and must communicate to management how to make tomorrow better than today† (Khan). Opportunities for the accountant’s career are countless and I wish to be one of the counted. Last summer, I was fortunate enough to enjoy the selection of myself among a choice few for an internship at Robert Half International Incorporated. Throughout the duration of my internship I participated in the preparation of many financial statements for some of today’s top businesses, one in particular, Boddie-Noell Enterprises, which is often referred to as Hardee’s. This experience increased my yearning to become a CPA. As I worked alongside the accounting elite for several months, I realized that being an  accountant, whether it be glamorous or not, was what I was destined to become. Upon completion of the necessary requirements for graduation, I will receive my diploma on June 10th of the current year. When I venture to Old Dominion University in the fall, I will seek the career that will allow me to make a difference in the business world and offer an attractive salary. Double Majoring in Accounting and Finance with a minor in Business Administration will provide necessary elements associated with accounting, so that I may be successful in my future endeavor. The CPA profession also offers competitive entry-level salaries and significant long-term growth potential. I aspire to master the rudiments of accounting, which will allow me to pursue my dream of becoming a Certified Public Accountant. Works Cited Kahn, Taskean. Hear From the Experts. 2004. http://www.nextgenaccountant.com/research 18 March 2004.

Accelerated Development

Counseling is one of the noblest professions, if a teacher teaches minds, and doctors heal bodies, a counselor revives man’s spirit and inspires others to live more fully. It is both a challenge and a vocation to be a counselor because one must be physically and mentally present to those who come for help. Counselors are still humans despite the breadth of their responsibilities to help others, and they are also prone to experience burnout and exhausted in their jobs.A counselor’s well-being and state of mental health is equally important to the training he/she has received in the counseling profession, counselors must have a strong sense of self and be able to deal effectively with his/her stressors in order to become effective counselors (Campbell, 2000). David has been working as a counselor for many years have probably experienced the signs of burnout; not wanting to work, exhaustion, sluggishness and unhappiness. Burnout results when the counselor has not given imp ortance to his own personal care.David must nurture his own well-being and seek ways for him to become more effective in his job. Fortunately, there are a number of ways that would help David, he could place himself in different types of supervision-individual, group and peer. Under individual supervision, David would have the opportunity to work closely with a more experienced counselor. The role of the supervisor is to constantly check and evaluate David’s performance and the difficulties he may experience in a particular case (Campbell, 2000).David can benefit from individual supervision if he is willing to establish a working and mentoring relationship with the supervisor. David on the other hand, must not feel threatened to be scrutinized and made to face his own issues. In individual supervision, David can learn from the more experienced counselor by discussing with him/her how to handle certain cases, what approaches to use on clients that have specific problems as wel l as learn new developments in the counseling profession. If David decides to place himself in peer supervision, he will work together with colleagues in resolving personal dilemmas and difficult cases.There will be no designated official supervisor and everyone interacts and shares his/her views, professional know-how and experience to enrich others (Campbell, 2000). Peer supervision is actually like a support group in function; it is valuable in terms of establishing friendships with similar jobs, hence every member of the group can relate to what is being experienced. David can benefit from peer supervision if he can work with others on equal footing, without structure and a leader and if his clients are actually more sensitive than others which make it difficult to share with those who do not have the same clients.Another option for David is group supervision, in this type of supervision, David works with other counselors as a group and they invite a seasoned professional or exp ert counselor to provide valuable input on their problems and difficulties (Campbell, 2000). The benefits of being in group supervision is that David can learn from other counselors and at the same time receives feedback from an expert as to how they could do it better and be more effective in their jobs. Group supervision is actually a good set-up if David can find like minded counselors who are receptive to supervision and who have similar cases.The strengths of counseling supervision is that the counselor does not feel that he is alone and that there are persons he can turn to for technical expertise and friendship (Campbell, 2000). Individual supervision allows one-on-one evaluation and feedback, it removes the threat of being embarrassed in front of others and the counselor can decide his supervision program. The drawback is that it is difficult to find an expert counselor who has the time to work with individually.And if the counselor and the supervisor has established rapport and become close friends it is very difficult to maintain objectivity in the process. In peer supervision, there is the added bonus of having a group that everyone can share and be heard and no one is there to criticize but to help others learn. The negative side is that because it is not structured, the group meetings may not actually respond to the needs of all the members and since there is no supervisor, no one is there to check whether one is doing the right thing.Lastly, group supervision offers a class-like set-up which many find appropriate when it comes to professional growth, however because it is a group, the expert may not have enough time to address the needs of all the members and it may take longer for a certain issue to be discussed even if it is an immediate need for the counselor. Reference Campbell, J. (2000). Becoming and effective supervisor: A workbook for counselors and psychotherapists. Philadelphia, PN: Accelerated Development.